英语名师胡灿奎浅谈学习的奥秘：心态+方法+坚持=突破

考试是把精确的尺子，能衡量绝大多数人的能力。

别看一个简单的分数，它后面凝结了学生的智力、体力、学习能力、毅力、注意力、临场发挥能力等众多要素。因此，当你考试成绩不理想时，要从多个角度找原因。不要因为不理想的成绩而讨厌学习。

智力：要承认人和人之间的智力差别，每个班都会有一个天天玩但考试分数特别好的“变态”，对这样的同学，我们只有膜拜的份。要想超过他们，就要从其他角度入手。

体力：有的人能熬夜学到12点，第二天依然神采奕奕，相当于多学了两个小时。对于这样的狂人，我们可以通过平时锻炼身体，努力接近，但是切记过犹不及，切勿把自己的身体搞坏。

前面这两个能力，是上天的礼物，普通人是不能奢望的。不过幸好上天没有把路堵死，还留下了学习能力、毅力、注意力等其他几个“软实力”，这些可以通过后天的培养超越那些“天才”。所以请按照自己的学习节奏来学习，不要拿分数对比，不要在意眼前的差异。可能你五年级的成绩不如你们班的天才，但是通过努力，初二的时候可能就会超越他们。所以保持良好的积极的学习心态是非常重要的。

找到适合自己的学习方式→坚持→突破

无论是多么辛苦的一件事，只要它是适合自身性格特点的，我们就能长久地坚持下去。就算是不擅长的学科也会开始变得越来越有趣。不仅如此，我们开始能听得懂这门课了，并获得与以前完全不同的感受。

我们就拿英语作文举例：

在英语写作的初期，应采纳一条从有材料可依的写作方式过渡到脱离教材进行自由写作的方式。

一、短文缩写阶段

短文缩写可以是就所学课文进行缩写，也可以采用其它阅读材料，但要求被缩写的材料难易程度不超过所学课本。

Most shops in Britain open at 9.00 a.m. and close at 5.00 or 5.30 in the evening. Small shops usually close for an hour at lunchtime. On one or two days a week-usually Thursday and/or Friday-some large food shops stay until about 8.00 p.m. for late night shopping.

Many shops are closed in the afternoon on one day a week. The days is usually Wednesday or Thursday and it is a different day in different towns. Nearly all shops are closed on Sunday. News-paper shops are open in the morning, and sell sweets and cigarettes as well. But there are legal restrictions on selling many things on Sundays. Many large food shops ( supermarkets ) are self-service.

When you go into one of these shops you take a basket and you put the things you wish to buy into it. You queue up at the cash desk and pay for everything just before you leave. If anyone tries to take things from a shop without paying they are almost certain to be caught. Most shops have store detectives who have the job of catching shoplifters.

Shoplifting is considered a serious crime by the police and the courts. When you are waiting to be served in a shop, it is important to wait your turn. It is important not to try to be served before people who arrived before you. Many people from overseas are astonished at the British habit of queuing.

将短文缩写如下：

This article tells us about British shops. British shops usually open at 9.00 a.m. and close at 5.00or 5.30 p.m. Many shops are closed in the afternoon.

one day a week. Nearly all shops are closed on Sundays. In Britain, many large food shops are self-service. And when you wait to be served in a shop, you have to wait patiently for your turn.

缩写是一种“依材剪贴”的写作方式，基本上采用原材料中的词语和句子，仅作了部分调整，是最初级的写作方式。

二、短文评论阶段

短评是就所学课文或阅读材料进行评论。通过分析原文中的内容和观点，提出一定的看法。短评可以是对原文观点表示赞同，也可以提出异议或不同看法。如对前文便可作以下评论：

From the article we learned about British shops, about their opening and closing time and their service. But we find that there are something inconvenient with British shop service.

First is the time. Shops in Britain open very late and close too early. Second is that there is almost no Sunday service. Where can people go if they suddenly need to buy something? The last is the habit of queuing. It will be a waste of time if the queue is too long.

初学阶段，短文评论的字数一般也应在150字左右，不宜写大多。短评是一种“一半依材一半发挥”的写作方式。在内容上，一部分取自原文，一部分靠自己的思考。在用词上，可以部分地依赖原文，也需使用一些其它词汇。此外，短评的行文布局和用句也是一半模仿，一半创造。短评的这种特点使它非常适合承接短文缩写阶段，而又为后期阶段打下一定的基础。

三、引导写作阶段

引导写作就是我们平时的情景作文，看图作文，提纲作文等。我们的写作思路会受到题目的引导 。在训练初期，引导写作的命题应尽量与所学英语书本的内容挂钩，这样我们可以参照一部分课文所学的词汇与结构，避免大多生词。

我有一个学生就非常喜欢上述的英语写作方法，长期坚持，他不仅英语写作水平提高了，而且整个英语成绩也提高了。所以找到适合自己的学习方法，并长期坚持下去是非常重要的。

总之，学习我们要拥有一个良好的心态+适合自己的学习方法+长期坚持，一定会让你收获良多。