E1英语语法与长难句精讲(我在学)
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1->简单句的合并
-> 中文:我爱她,我们打算明年结婚。
英文:I love her, we plan to get married next year. ×(Run-on 粘连句)
注意:在英语中,不能用逗号直接连接两个简单句。
2->复杂句的构成原则
①简单句
如下可以理解为复杂句->>
②并列句
③主从句
④并列主从句
=>原则一:必须借助一定的连接手段来合并简单句;
=>原则二:句子连接手段不同,句子结构就不同;
3->并列句
“并列句”(compound sentence):由两个或两个以上简单句连接而成的句子。
构成并列句的简单句之间是独立、平行的关系。
连接手段:
①分号;
-> 分号可以不借助于并列连词,完全靠自己的力量来连接两个简单句。
Peter is a demanding boss; I’m going to a movie this evening. ×
注意:分号连接的两个句子之间必须有明显的逻辑关系。
Peter is a demanding boss; we have to work overtime every day. √
->分号-写作
注意:“一些人…,另一些人”
Some students clean the windows, others sweep the floor. ×
Some students clean the windows; others sweep the floor. √
Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. (也可以是对立关系)
②并列连词;
并列连词:是连词的一种,用来连接具有并列关系的句子。
总共7个and ,but ,so, for, nor, yet, or(可以用FANBOYS来记忆它们)
The water is polluted, and the fishes are dying.
公式:并列句=S1+并列连词+S2.
拆分:The water is polluted. And the fishes are dying.
->平行关系:and, nor(也不)
He is a man of integrity, and people all respect him.
The city is not beautiful, nor is it clean. (nor后面要倒装)
->转折关系:but, yet
He is upset, but he pretends to be happy.
The report appears much better, yet there is still room for improvement.(这个报告好多了,然而还有进步的空间)
->因果关系:so, for(因为)
He acts like a child, so people treat him like one.(他的行为像孩子一样,因此人们像孩子一样对待他)
We have cancelled the plan, for the budget is too tight.(我们取消这个计划,因为预算太紧张了) 在并列句中for表示原因时,不能放在句首
->选择关系: or
Take the chance, or you will regret it. (抓住这个机会,否则你会失望的)
注意,Take 是动词为什么没变形做了主语,其实是祈使句,省略了You,正常应该是You take the chance. . .
Hurry up, _or_ you will be late for school.
【感谢阅读,明~日学习的内容为并列句的难点!】