2019英语流利阅读笔记：新西兰清真寺枪击案 脸书直播功能遭批评
新西兰清真寺枪击案
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内容简介：
Facebook’s live streaming is criticized after mosque shooting
新西兰清真寺枪击案后，脸书直播功能遭批评
The speed at which a video of the New Zealand mosque shooting spread across social media platforms has demonstrated yet again that tech companies such as Facebook Inc. are still struggling to control content, especially from popular services that offer live streaming of events.
新西兰清真寺枪击案的视频在社交平台，上的传播速度再次说明，像脸书这样的科技公司仍不能完全管控其平台上的内容，尤其是那些热门平台提供的活动直播中的内容。
While platforms including Twitter Inc. and YouTube said they moved fast to scrub any content related to the incident from their sites, people reported it was still widely available hours after being first uploaded to the alleged shooter’s Facebook account.
尽管包括Twitter和YouTube在内的许多平台表示，他们迅速从网站上删除了与枪击案相关的任何内容，但据用户反映，这些内容首次被上传到嫌疑人的脸书账号后，在好几个小时内仍随处可见。
Facebook Chief Executive Officer Mark Zuckerberg has acknowledged the difficulty of policing content from the 2.7 billion users that power Facebook’s wildly profitable advertising engine. The company’s business model depends on showing people posts they’re most apt to have an emotional reaction to, which often has the side effect of amplifying fake news and extremism.
脸书的首席执行官马克扎克伯格承认监管来自27亿用户的内容很困难,这些用户为脸书利润丰厚的广告收入提供了强大动力。该公司的商业模式在于给用户推送让他们最容易产生情绪反应的帖子，而这往往会产生放大假新闻与极端主义的副作用。
Indeed, the livestream of the murders highlights how technology helped the alleged shooter connect with like-minded people online. Even after the major tech companies acted to take down the video, commenters continued to praise the murders online.
的确，杀人直播凸显了科技如何帮助嫌疑人与网上和他有相同想法的人建立起联系。即使在主流科技公司采取行动撤下了视频后，评论者仍继续在网上赞扬嫌疑人的谋杀行为。
Facebook has 15,000 employees and contractors sifting through posts to take down offensive content. Zuckerberg has said artificial intelligence algorithms, which the company already uses to identify nudity and terrorist content, will eventually handle most of this sorting. But at the moment, even the most sophisticated AI software struggles in categories where context matters.
脸书有15000名正式员工和合同制员工负责筛查贴文，以删除恶意内容。扎克伯格曾表示，人工智能算法在未来能处理大部分此类内容的筛选，该公司也已经在使用这些算法来识别裸体画面和恐怖主义内容。不过目前，即便是最尖端的人工智能软件，在处理那些需要上下文语境来理解的内容类型时，也显得相当艰难。
“Hate speech is one of those areas,” said Monika Bickert, Facebook’s head of global policy management.
脸书全球政策管理主管莫妮卡比科特认为:仇恨言论就是其中之一。
词汇详解：
live streaming：视频直播
mosque/mɑsk/：n. 清真寺（是伊斯兰教信徒（穆斯林）礼拜的地方）
相关词汇：muslim：n. 穆斯林；adj. 穆斯林的
yet again：屡次，再次
be struggling to：正在争；正在努
struggle：n. 争；奋斗
搭配短语：struggle along/on：勉向前；奋力坚持
例句：The family is struggling along on her pitiful salary. 全家靠她那点可怜的薪水艰难度日
例句：We’re stopping here, but she’s going to struggle on. 我们打算在这停下来，但她坚持要往前走
搭配短语：struggle through：艰难地穿越；挺过
例：Britain had to struggle through this recession. 英国必须挺过这次经济衰退
move fast：迅速行动
scrub/skrb/：v.（尤指用硬刷、肥皂和水）擦洗，刷洗
搭配短语：scrub the floor; scrub yourself
available /velb()l/：adj. 可获得的
alleged/ledd/：adj.（尤指在证据不足的情况下）被指控的
英文释义：stated as a fact but without any proof
词性拓展：allege (v. 声称)
Chief Executive Officer：（CEO）首席执行官
acknowledged：v. 承认
police/plis/：v. 控制，监督
英文释义：to monitor
power the engine：驱动引擎
power：v. 驱使；推动；使迅猛移动
例句：She powered her way into the lead. 她迅速发力冲到最前面
wildly profitable advertising：广泛盈利的广告
be apt to：易于做…的；常做…的
英文释义：be likely to or having a natural tendency to do sth.
搭配短语：be apt to be forgetful
side effect/sad fekt/：n. 副作用；连带后果
amplify/mplfa/：v. 扩大，增强
英文释义：to increase sth.
搭配短语：to amplify a signal 放大信号
extremism/kstrimzm/：n. 极端主义，偏激的观点
Indeed：adv. 确实；实际上；[表示惊讶或轻蔑]；是呀
例句：It is indeed likely that …：的确有可能…
例句：She is polite, indeed charming. 她彬彬有礼，更确切地说，是很迷人
例句：he knows you — does he indeed? 他认识你──是吗？
例句：who is she? — who indeed? 她是谁啊？──是呀，是谁？
highlight ：n. 高亮部分； v. 突出；强调
act to：采取行动
like-minded/lak mandd/：adj. 意见相同的，想法一致的，兴趣相投的
take down：撤下，拆除
搭配短语：to take down a tent 拆除帐篷
contractor/kntrktr/：n. 承包商，承包方；合同制员工
sift through：详细筛查
英文释义：to examine sth. very carefully in order to decide what is important or to find sth. important
相关词汇：sift（v. 筛，过滤）
sift 搭配短语：sift the flour into a large bowl 将面粉筛入一个大碗
take down:撤下；记录
offensive/fensv/：adj. 冒犯的；令人不适的，厌恶的
相关词汇：offence：n. 犯罪；冒犯；进攻
artificial intelligence algorithms：人工智能算法
algorithm/lɡrm/：n. （尤指计算机使用的）算法，计算程序
nudity/nudti/：n. 赤裸，裸体
词义辨析：nudity, nude
nudity 和 nude 都可以表示赤裸的状态，但二者略有区别。nudity 常指影视剧的裸体画面，而nude则表示绘画、摄影、雕塑这种艺术领域的裸体人像。
sort/srt/：v. 把…分类，整理，筛选
搭配短语：sort through the mail
词性拓展：sort (n.)
at the moment：眼下；目前
sophisticated/sfstketd/：adj. 精密的，复杂的，尖端的
英文释义：clever and complicated in the way that it works or is presented
相关词汇：sophisticate：n. 老于世故（老练而又富处世经验）的人； v. 使…更精确；使…老 于世故
相关词汇：sophistication：n. 老于世故；老练；复杂；先进
搭配短语：highly sophisticated computer systems 高度复杂的计算机系统
matter ：v. 重要的
hate speech/het spit/：（表达仇恨或煽动使用暴力以宗教、种族、性别、性取向等为理由攻击他人的）仇恨演讲，仇恨言论