疫情之下 如何高分突破2022考研英语阅读03

作者原创：葛天命

今天，我们继续谈疫情之下，如何高分突破考研英语阅读”的话题，我在发布的文章《疫情之下，如何高分突破2021考研英语阅读01》中谈过了关心当前疫情和考研英语有直接的关系；也介绍了我自主研发的考研英语“飞速阅读-高分突破法”；该法的实施有3条战线；第一战线精读精研，即胸中自有“词-句-文3法”，阅读堡垒将攻无不克，战无不胜，具体请参见该文章，以便理解的连贯性和了解全貌，在此不再重复。

现在，我再以2019年的另一篇真题阅读为例，带领大家进行“第一战线精读精研”，侧重于句法和文法。请大家先把下面的原文通读一遍，时间设定为3-5分钟；然后再仔细读，不限时间，看看究竟哪里模糊不清；最后看我的讲解，你是否都能想到了呢？好好用心体会一下为盼。

我知道，大家宁愿拼命刷题几遍，也很不情愿潜下心来做精读精研，这几乎是所有选手的薄弱之处，也是阅读堡垒久攻不克，分数难以提高的深层原因，所以我就带领大家一起前行，高分突破的功夫60%取决于这一战线。

第一战线精读精研怎么做？ 建议大家先从简化版开始，那什么是简化版？简化版概括来说：就是碾碎长难句；体会每段的要点与文中作用；把握文章总体结构。

好，开始快速通读全文，时间限定3-5分钟，80%正确理解率

Grade inflation--the gradual increase in average GPAs (grade-point averages) over the past few decades—is often considered a product of a consumer era in higher education, in which students are treated like customers to be pleased. But another, related force—a policy often buried deep in course catalogs called “grade forgiveness”—is helping raise GPAs.

Grade forgiveness allows students to retake a course in which they received a low grade, and the most recent grade or the highest grade is the only one that counts in calculating a student’s overall GPA.

The use of this little-known practice has accelerated in recent years, as colleges continue to do their utmost to keep students in school (and paying tuition) and improve their graduation rates. When this practice first started decades ago, it was usually limited to freshmen, to give them a second chance to take a class in their first year if they struggled in their transition to college-level courses. But now most colleges save for many selective campuses, allow all undergraduates, and even graduate students, to get their low grades forgiven.

College officials tend to emphasize that the goal of grade forgiveness is less about the grade itself and more about encouraging students to retake courses critical to their degree program and graduation without incurring a big penalty. “Untimely,” said Jack Miner, Ohio State University’s registrar, “we see students achieve more success because they retake a course and do better in subsequent contents or master the content that allows them to graduate on time.”

That said, there is a way in which grade forgiveness satisfies colleges’ own needs as well. For public institutions, state funds are sometimes tied partly to their success on metrics such as graduation rates and student retention—so better grades can, by boosting figures like those, mean more money. And anything that raises GPAs will likely make students—who, at the end of the day, are paying the bill—feel they’ve gotten a better value for their tuition dollars, which is another big concern for colleges.

Indeed, grade forgiveness is just another way that universities are responding to consumers’ expectations for higher education. Since students and parents expect a college degree to lead a job, it is in the best interest of a school to turn out graduates who are as qualified as possible—or at least appear to be. On this, students’ and colleges’ incentives seem to be aligned.

第一战线精读精研怎么做？重点精讲：碾碎长难句；每段的要点与文中作用；文章总体结构。

Grade inflation--the gradual increase in average GPAs (grade-point averages) over the past few decades—is often considered a product of a consumer era in higher education, in which students are treated like customers to be pleased. But another, related force—a policy often buried deep in course catalogs called “grade forgiveness”—is helping raise GPAs.

讲解：第一段/首段 从大学GPA成绩单平均分的膨胀现象引导出本文的主题：

“成绩宽容”政策也推高了GPA。

Grade forgiveness allows students to retake a course in which they received a low grade, and the most recent grade or the highest grade is the only one that counts in calculating a student’s overall GPA.

讲解：第二段 交代解释什么是“成绩宽容”

The use of this little-known practice has accelerated in recent years, as colleges continue to do their utmost to keep students in school (and paying tuition) and improve their graduation rates. When this practice first started decades ago, it was usually limited to freshmen, to give them a second chance to take a class in their first year if they struggled in their transition to college-level courses. But now most colleges save for many selective campuses, allow all undergraduates, and even graduate students, to get their low grades forgiven.

讲解：第三段 说明“成绩宽容”的由来和现状

College officials tend to emphasize that the goal of grade forgiveness is less about the grade itself and more about encouraging students to retake courses critical to their degree program and graduation without incurring a big penalty. “Untimely,” said Jack Miner, Ohio State University’s registrar, “we see students achieve more success because they retake a course and do better in subsequent contents or master the content that allows them to graduate on time.”

讲解：第四段 大学对“成绩宽容”政策的态度：认为有益于学生完成学业。

That said, there is a way in which grade forgiveness satisfies colleges’ own needs as well. For public institutions, state funds are sometimes tied partly to their success on metrics such as graduation rates and student retention—so better grades can, by boosting figures like those, mean more money. And anything that raises GPAs will likely make students—who, at the end of the day, are paying the bill—feel they’ve gotten a better value for their tuition dollars, which is another big concern for colleges. 长难句

讲解：长难句

And anything that raises GPAs will likely make students—who, at the end of the day,

主语 谓语 宾语 定语

are paying the bill—feel they’ve gotten a better value for their tuition dollars, which is

宾补（由省略to的不定式短语充当）

another big concern for colleges.

定语从句

讲解：第五段 大学实际上从“成绩宽容”政策中获得自身利益

Indeed, grade forgiveness is just another way that universities are responding to consumers’ expectations for higher education. Since students and parents expect a college degree to lead a job, it is in the best interest of a school to turn out graduates who are as qualified as possible—or at least appear to be. On this, students’ and colleges’ incentives seem to be aligned.

讲解：第六段 总结归纳，“成绩宽容”也是教育商业化的表现，与首段呼应，再次归纳了大学与学生双方都是导致现在“成绩宽容”盛行的原因。

总体结构： 典型的“现象-解释”型文章体裁： 议论/论说文章题材：教育领域-高等教育关于“真题的精读精研”，今天先讲到这里，更多有关“考研英语飞速阅读-高分突破”的文章将随后发布，欢迎关注和阅读。